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Peer reviewedVanpatten, Bill; Cadierno, Teresa – Modern Language Journal, 1993
A study among college students investigated the effects on the developing knowledge system of the second-language learner of two different types of instruction: instruction as manipulation of output, and as structured or focused input processing. Results support the input-processing perspective and the salience of the role of input. (43…
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, College Students, Comparative Analysis, Higher Education
Kangli, Ji – 1995
A model for testing listening comprehension in English as a Second Language is discussed and compared with the Test for English Majors (TEM). The model in question incorporates listening for: (1) understanding factual information; (2) comprehension and interpretation; (3) detailed and selective information; (4) global ideas; (5) on-line tasks…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Information Processing


