Information on how to make an application for a Fulbright Award is presented to assist faculty members, young scholars, and women and minority group members who are often underrepresented in these scholarly opportunities. Ways to help applicants improve their chances of selection in a competitive process are identified. Every year, there are about 1,000 Fulbright awards for research and teaching in over 100 countries; most applications are not successful (e.g., in the 1983-84 program year there were 3,045 applications and 774 grants). Research awards are more competitive than are lecturing awards. In general, the competition is keenest for awards in popular areas such as Western Europe, Israel, Australia, and New Zealand. Some factors which influence the attractiveness of an award are: need for a foreign language; perceived attractiveness of living in a particular place; resources for productive research; personal safety; respect for human and civil rights; and cultural familiarity. In many less developed countries, there are often unfilled awards. Those applicants who can lecture in a foreign language have an advantage over other applicants. Applications for research awards require a strong emphasis on the research plan, its design, and its feasibility. The importance of a strong resume and strong references is stressed. It is suggested that rejected applicants reapply. Contains 5 references. (SM)