The effectiveness of learning paired associates from a computer-based drill strategy known as the progressive state drill was compared in this study with the effectiveness of having students use their own strategies with flashcards. Characteristics of the progressive state drill which make it a potentially effective drill and practice strategy for…

The hypothesis for this study assumed that subjects who received a diagram representing the structural relationships of a story would be more likely to solve a new and analogous problem than subjects who received two analogs without a diagram. The 151 graduate students who acted as subjects were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: one or…

This paper discusses distribution theory and power computations for four common "tests of combined significance." These tests are calculated using one-sided sample probabilities or p values from independent studies (or hypothesis tests), and provide an overall significance level for the series of results. Noncentral asymptotic sampling…

Latent trait models are presented that can be used for test design in the context of a theory about the variables that underlie task performance. Examples of methods for decomposing and testing hypotheses about the theoretical variables in task performance are given. The methods can be used to determine the processing components that are involved…

Some central issues in discussions of creative processes in science are: (1) the mechanism(s) by which hypothesis formation takes place; (2) the sources of new knowledge during hypothesis formation; and (3) the "Eureka" versus steady accumulation (accretion) issue concerning the pace of change during hypothesis formation. This paper…

This study examined the relative effectiveness of different media in presenting modeling stimuli to adult trainees in a supervisory skills training program and assessed their satisfaction with the training and their performance. Eighty undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions--audio only, text only, audio plus text,…

Reviews study of 30 graduate students that investigated the possible contribution of pictures to the recall and retention of information presented in written prose. The two variables considered were the durability of picture effects, and the effect on recall of information that was not pictured. (LRW)

Results of investigation of M.L.S. degree students' needs for structure in required research methods course support hypothesis that, when exposed to such a course taught under low structure conditions, students with simple cognitive style would express demand for greater structure than would students with relatively complex cognitive style. (12…

Discusses hypotheses which examine, for a nonprogramed decision, variables of (1) individual decision makers, (2) information upon which choices are based, and (3) structural features within which decision is made. Circumstances under which decision-making group (Ohio's librarians) selected an innovative alternative (incorporation of OCLC) are…

Presents results of two equivalent questionnaires distributed to college faculty and students to determine if faculty expectations of student library use differed from students' perceptions of their actual use; and if expectations and use were affected by college division, student class level, or class level taught. (Author/EJS)

Presents a theoretical formulation that integrates, within the framework of expectation states theory, theories of the emergence of power-and-prestige orders in status-heterogeneous and homogeneous task-oriented groups. Discusses a model based on this theoretic formulation. Offers a model for predicting participation rates in open interaction…

Presents two statistical topics and examples of their use in natural resource monitoring. The first topic deals with use of correlated observations in calculations of variance estimates for a regional mean, required sample size determination, and confidence intervals. The second topic concerns the use of Bayesian techniques in hypothesis testing.…

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of experimental research in counseling and counselor education published from 1976 through 1984. The focus of the study was the methodology and reporting of the research rather than its relevance. Time was the independent variable of interest and three 3-year spans were chosen for examination:…

This experiment examined the relationship between computer programming and the following factors: mathematical ability, locus of control, introversion/extraversion, anxiety, and task time allocation. The programming performance of 14 male and 18 female students in a college-level introductory computer science course was measured by means of a math…

Drawing on research conclusions about the process of educational change, this report seeks to demonstrate the importance of understanding the diverse factors that inhibit or enable school improvement efforts. The report focuses on leadership and support in achieving successful change and stresses that principals are but one of several players who…