Recent smoking treatment programs have shifted emphasis from initial cessation rates to long-term abstinence, with aversion therapy and coping response training having had the most success. A smoking cessation treatment consisting of rapid smoking and behavioral counseling was supplemented with two maintenance treatments. After completing the 2-week smoking program, subjects continued in either a control condition (N=20) or in one of two maintenance conditions (N=37). Subjects in both maintenance groups underwent coping response and exposure treatments. In addition, one group's treatment included rapid puffing trials. The differences in the results of the cessation only group and the two maintenance groups became significant after the 3 month posttreatment follow-up. By 6 months postreatment, however, the difference was nonsignificant: 50 percent of the maintenance subjects remained abstinent compared to 37 percent of nonmaintenance subjects. High scores on the Depression Proneness Inventory and the Self-Control Schedule, as well as a large number of life stressors as measured by the Social Readjustment Scale, correlated with quicker relapse in the maintenance subjects. Since the relapse curves of the two maintenance groups were similar, the rapid puffing trials failed to make a significant contribution to abstinence. Although maintenance sessions did retard relapse during the 3 month maintenance period, the lack of significant long-term differences suggests a need to re-examine the factors underlying maintenance effects. (TW)