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Download full textHannafin, Michael J. – 1984
A total of 121 third and fourth graders were randomly assigned to instructional treatments which each featured a short children's story. The treatments were oral-only, picture-only, and a combination of oral and pictures. Students saw and/or heard the presentation and were tested immediately and after a two-week retention interval for recall of…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Elementary Education, Grade 3, Grade 4
