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On the Nature of Phonological Development: Evidence from Normal Children's Spelling Errors.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Hoffman, Paul R.; Norris, Janet A. – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1989
Analysis of spelling errors of 45 primary-school children needing reading and writing improvement found that a considerable proportion of errors involved both syllabic reduction and feature changes similar to those seen in normal speech development. A model is presented to account for the phonological simplifications seen in both speech and…
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Error Analysis (Language), Models, Phonology
Readability as an Interactive Process: An Analysis of the Syntactic and Semantic Effects on Text of Cloze Errors Associated with Variation in the Structure of Text and in Readers' Knowledge of Topic.
Black, Mary C. – 1979
A study examined whether (1) there are untested indices of difficulty that can be used to enhance the accuracy of readability formulas, (2) the same readability formula can be used to assess the readability of text for mature and immature readers and for good and poor readers, and (3) some one model of the reading process or some synthesis of…
Descriptors: Cloze Procedure, Cognitive Processes, Error Analysis (Language), Models