Reports on a study of 18 social studies teachers' concepts of justice. Finds that three dominant themes emerged: (1) justice as right and wrong; (2) justice as fairness; and (3) justice as an ideal or standard. Concludes that responses suggest that social studies teachers' education in political theory may be insufficient. (CFR)

Advocates a broader conceptualization of citizenship, relying less on Cartesian and Aristotelian precepts, and incorporating postmodern feminist political theory. Identifies three theoretical phases leading to this conceptualization: past for the present, difference out of sameness, and rationality to subjectiveness. (MJP)