The intent of this handbook is to illustrate the relation between teaching and testing and to demonstrate how they can promote student learning. The first section, "Foundations," offers a discussion of broad ideas about teaching, learning, and testing, and their interrelationships. Chapter one describes generally the kinds of things that teachers do in classrooms where teaching and testing are integrated. Chapter two discusses essential aspects of learning which mutually affect instruction and testing. The third chapter deals with how different dimensions of the context of instruction (the types of students with whom the teachers is working, resources and support available, and the nature of the instructional models in use) influence teaching and testing practices. Chapter four describes the varied purposes served by tests, such as assessing students' past learning or their progress in learning. The fifth chapter offers an overview of the kinds of tests addressed in the handbook: objective tests, essays, and observation of performance. The second section, "Applications," focuses on tasks that need to be performed to integrate teaching and testing. Chapters are included on matching teaching and testing to desired outcomes, assuring quality in tests, preparing, administering, and scoring tests, and using test information for various instruction-related purposes. Lists of references and related resources are provided. (JD)