Survey sampling is fundamentally an applied field. The goal in this book is to put an array of tools at the fingertips of practitioners by explaining approaches long used by survey statisticians, illustrating how existing software can be used to solve survey problems, and developing some specialized software where needed. This book serves at least…

Two specific cases involving Pascal's Problem of the Points are discussed, followed by a solution in the general case. (MNS)

Four answers to a probability problem involving a perceived coincidence are discussed. (MNS)

Describes the "Buffon's Needle" problem, which is calculating the probability that a needle will cross one of two separated lines. Calculates the probability when the length of the needle is greater than the space of the two lines. Provides an analytic solution and the results of a computer simulation. (YP)

Using license plates to generate random number pairs, students can calculate an approximate value for pi. The author views this approach as easier to understand than Buffon's needle. (SD)

Developed are simple recursion formulas for generating the exact distribution of the longest run of heads, both for a fair coin and for a biased coin. Discusses the applications of runs-related phenomena such as molecular biology, Markov chains, geometric variables, and random variables. (YP)

This monthly column contains teaching suggestions on: using codes to convey information, flow proofs in geometry, and volleyball and probability. (MP)

Some counterintuitive ideas in probability are examined. In particular, for sequential selection procedure, such as drawing cards, it is shown that there is probabilistic advantage to drawing first (or early) relative to drawing last (or late) in the sequence. (Author/MK)

Discusses the application of probabilistic ideas, especially Monte Carlo simulation, to calculus. Describes some applications using the Monte Carlo method: Riemann sums; maximizing and minimizing a function; mean value theorems; and testing conjectures. (YP)

This is the position statement of the National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics describing the essential mathematical competencies that citizens will need to begin adulthood in the twenty-first century. Twelve components of essential mathematics, the learning environment, technology, evaluation, and extension of the essentials are described.…

Discusses the use of the mathematics classroom for discovering the relationship among computers, mathematics, and real-world problems. Provides three probability problems and compares the results of three methods, actual trial, computer simulation, and mathematical solution. (YP)

Describes a five-dice game, horse. Discusses the offensive player's strategy using the ideas of probability, such as counting outcomes, mutually exclusive events, conditional probabilities, zero sum games, and the use of computer. (YP)

Demonstrates a statistically valid method allowing students to explore randomization. Described are two examples: counting techniques for a small set of data and simulation for a large sample. (YP)

Uses a LOGO program and probability to solve systems of equations. Provides a physical model and a LOGO model. Lists programs and explains the methodology used. (MVL)