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Direct linkLai, Stephanie A.; George Benjamin, Rebekah; Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Kuhn, Melanie R. – Reading & Writing Quarterly, 2014
Fluent readers can read connected text with accuracy, automaticity, and prosody. Without practice, automaticity cannot develop in reading, and readers must focus their attention on decoding, limiting their ability to simultaneously comprehend. Researchers have traditionally assumed that fluency and comprehension have a unidirectional relationship…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Reading Comprehension, Reading Skills, Grade 2
Swanson, H. Lee; Fung, Wenson – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2016
This study determined the working memory (WM) components (executive, phonological short-term memory [STM], and visual-spatial sketchpad) that best predicted mathematical word problem-solving accuracy in elementary schoolchildren (N = 392). The battery of tests administered to assess mediators between WM and problem-solving included measures of…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Problem Solving, Accuracy, Phonology
Lee, Kerry; Ning, Flora; Goh, Hui Chin – Educational Psychology, 2014
Although the effects of achievement goals and working memory on academic performance are well established, it is not clear whether they jointly affect academic performance. Children from Primary 4 and 6 (N = 608) were administered (a) measures of working memory and updating from the automated working memory battery and a running span task, (b)…
Descriptors: Mathematics Tests, Mathematics Achievement, Mastery Learning, Goal Orientation
