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Direct linkSawaki, Yasuyo; Quinlan, Thomas; Lee, Yong-Won – Language Assessment Quarterly, 2013
The present study examined the factor structures across features of 446 examinees' responses to a writing task that integrates reading and listening modalities as well as reading and listening comprehension items of the TOEFL iBT[R] (Internet-based test). Both human and automated scores obtained for the integrated essays were utilized. Based on a…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Essay Tests, Factor Structure
Download full textHale, Gordon A.; And Others – 1989
Previous studies found inconsistent results about the factor structure of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), with one study finding a two-factor structure and the other, a three-factor solution. This study investigated those inconsistencies and provided further information about the TOEFL factor structure. It was hypothesized that…
Descriptors: Ability, Adults, English (Second Language), Factor Structure
