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Schedl, Mary; And Others – 1996
The issue of what exactly is measured by different types of reading items has been a matter of interest in the field of reading research for many years. Language teaching and testing specialists have raised the question of whether a reading test for foreign students wishing to enter a university in the United States should include questions…
Descriptors: Adults, English (Second Language), Factor Analysis, Factor Structure
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Wolfe, Edward W.; Manalo, Jonathan R. – ETS Research Report Series, 2005
This study examined scores from 133,906 operationally scored Test of English as a Foreign Language™ (TOEFL®) essays to determine whether the choice of composition medium has any impact on score quality for subgroups of test-takers. Results of analyses demonstrate that (a) scores assigned to word-processed essays are slightly more reliable than…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Scores