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Download full textLee, Shinhye – ETS Research Report Series, 2022
In response to the calls for making key stakeholders' perspectives relevant in the test validation process, the study discussed in this report sought test-taker feedback as part of collecting validity evidence and supporting the ongoing field testing efforts of the new "TOEFL ITP"® Speaking section. Specifically, I aimed to investigate…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Tests, Test Validity
