THIS STUDY HYPOTHESIZED THAT (1) THERE IS A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION BETWEEN ABILITY IN WRITTEN COMPOSITION AND AWARENESS OF STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIPS IN ENGLISH, AND (2) THIS CORRELATION IS SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ABILITY IN WRITTEN COMPOSITION AND ABILITY TO VERBALIZE KNOWLEDGE OF RULES AND TERMINOLOGY OF TRADITIONAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR. THE SAMPLE USED IN THE STUDY WAS APPROXIMATELY 200 COLLEGE FRESHMEN. DATA WERE GATHERED FROM THE IOWA GRAMMAR INFORMATION TEST, STEP ESSAY TEST, SCHOOL AND COLLEGE ABILITY TESTS, AND A TEST DESIGNED BY THE INVESTIGATOR TO MEASURE THE RECOGNITION OF STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIPS IN ENGLISH. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WERE NOT FOUND. (JM)