The history and nature of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and issues that continue to be raised in the context of its use are discussed by a former president of the College Entrance Examination Board. This book provides insights into the changing role of college admissions testing since World War II; and considers the role of the SAT in relation to such diverse circumstances as the GI Bill, the Baby Boom, and the Civil Rights Movement. Topics addressed include: (1) the history of the SAT; (2) the origin of the SAT and its place in the testing world; (3) the nature of the SAT; (4) the decline of SAT scores in the 1960's and 1970's and the Educational Equality Project; (5) minorities and the SAT; (6) athletes and women; (7) politicians, public servants, and the media; (8) international perspectives; and (9) the development and nature of the College Board. More specifically, national manpower problems and international affairs, civil rights and intercollegiate athletics, television and the press, politics and bureaucracies, demographics and individuals, the science of psychometrics and the technology of testing, and education and attending college in the United States are considered. (TJH)