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Direct linkAndrés Christiansen; Rianne Janssen – Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 2024
In international large-scale assessments, students may not be compelled to answer every test item: a student can decide to skip a seemingly difficult item or may drop out before the end of the test is reached. The way these missing responses are treated will affect the estimation of the item difficulty and student ability, and ultimately affect…
Descriptors: Test Items, Item Response Theory, Grade 4, International Assessment
