A common belief underlying the dimensional comparison theory is that reading self-concept has a positive relation to reading achievement but a negative relation to math achievement. However, this belief is incomplete and potentially misleading as supporting evidence is usually derived from studies without simultaneously considering the mediated…

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant disruption in schooling worldwide. Global test score data is used to estimate learning losses by modeling the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the most recent results from a linear trend using data from all rounds of PISA. Mathematics scores declined an average of…

Introduction: As technology progresses, individuals will be increasingly expected to solve digital tasks. At the same time, many worry that a high use of connected devices will reduce young people's ability to perform with accuracy long cognitively challenging tasks online. Methods: We examine whether 15-year-old students' ability to accurately…

Malaysia recorded the largest decline among other ASEAN countries in the 2022 PISA mathematics performance. Although the COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to this poor mathematics performance, previous PISA trends have shown that Malaysian students were already struggling in mathematics before the pandemic. Given this pressing concern, this…

Background: Enhancing student motivation and effort in learning environments is a pivotal concern for educators. While the positive effects of teacher support on students' academic self-efficacy beliefs and efforts are well documented, the potentially adverse interaction effects of peer bullying victimization within this context remain unclear.…

Food insecurity remains a crucial issue across the globe, including in developed countries. In this study, we examined the relationship between food insecurity and student math achievement globally. We used novel, student-level data from about half a million students in 65 countries that participated in the Program for International Student…

Learning strategies have been recognized as important predictors of mathematical achievement. In recent studies, it has been found that Asian students use combined learning strategies, primarily including metacognitive strategies, rather than rote memorization. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is only one prior study including South…

Predicting student performance in international large-scale assessments (ILSAs) is crucial for understanding educational outcomes on a global scale. ILSAs, such as the Program for International Student Assessment and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, serve as vital tools for policymakers, educators, and researchers to…

Researchers have conducted numerous studies on the positive effects of intrinsic motivation to learn mathematics and the negative impact of mathematics anxiety on students' performance in mathematics literacy. The study examined how the introduction of cognitive activation in mathematics lessons, a mediator variable, would alter these effects…

Prior research has identified employee-related factors such as participation, morale, and shortage as important predictors of organisational performance. However, this relationship has not been extensively examined for educational organisations such as schools, colleges, and universities with large scale samples. In this study we used multiple…

This study examines the relationship between instructional quality and mathematics achievement, taking into account socioeconomic status. Data from ten European countries participating in PISA 2012 and 2022 were analysed using the framework of the Dynamic Modelling of Educational Effectiveness. In PISA 2012, instructional quality was defined by…

Despite the vital role of well-being on academic achievement, doubts prevail as to what extent and how well-being contributes to students' academic achievement. The present research therefore investigated the relation between well-being and academic achievement using multidimensional measures, while considering self-efficacy as a mediator.…

The present study explores the sources of validity evidence of the mathematics self-concept construct in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2022 with a focus on concurrent, discriminant, and predictive evidence. Mathematics self-concept was provided with a single index variable in PISA 2022. Using only the U.S. students who…

The academic achievement of students is shaped by a complex interplay of personal, familial, and environmental factors. This study makes a novel contribution to the educational and public health literature by systematically investigating how various forms and contextual dimensions of physical activity relate to students' academic achievement…

In the face of Hong Kong's high grade-retention rates, this study aimed to investigate how Hong Kong secondary schools' grade-retention composition is associated with student performance and socioeconomic inequality in student performance. As the research questions involved analysis at the school and student levels, this study employed…