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Linda Borger; Stefan Johansson; Rolf Strietholt – Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 2024
PISA aims to serve as a "global yardstick" for educational success, as measured by student performance. For comparisons to be meaningful across countries or over time, PISA samples must be representative of the population of 15-year-old students in each country. Exclusions and non-response can undermine this representativeness and…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students
Esra Sözer Boz – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
International large-scale assessments provide cross-national data on students' cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics. A critical methodological issue that often arises in comparing data from cross-national studies is ensuring measurement invariance, indicating that the construct under investigation is the same across the compared groups.…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students
Okan Bulut; Guher Gorgun; Hacer Karamese – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2025
The use of multistage adaptive testing (MST) has gradually increased in large-scale testing programs as MST achieves a balanced compromise between linear test design and item-level adaptive testing. MST works on the premise that each examinee gives their best effort when attempting the items, and their responses truly reflect what they know or can…
Descriptors: Response Style (Tests), Testing Problems, Testing Accommodations, Measurement
Robitzsch, Alexander; Lüdtke, Oliver – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2023
One major aim of international large-scale assessments (ILSA) like PISA is to monitor changes in student performance over time. To accomplish this task, a set of common items (i.e., link items) is repeatedly administered in each assessment. Linking methods based on item response theory (IRT) models are used to align the results from the different…
Descriptors: Educational Trends, Trend Analysis, International Assessment, Achievement Tests
Hastedt, Dirk; Rocher, Thierry – International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, 2020
International large-scale assessments (ILSAs) are one of the most important tools policymakers and other educational stakeholders have to inform evidence based decision making for educational reform. Despite this, and the widespread use of ILSA data, results are sometimes misunderstood or misinterpreted. Here, we offer a brief guide to ILSAs and…
Descriptors: International Assessment, Educational Assessment, Educational Change, Achievement Tests
Lu, Jing; Wang, Chun – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2020
Item nonresponses are prevalent in standardized testing. They happen either when students fail to reach the end of a test due to a time limit or quitting, or when students choose to omit some items strategically. Oftentimes, item nonresponses are nonrandom, and hence, the missing data mechanism needs to be properly modeled. In this paper, we…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Items, Standardized Tests, Responses
Rivas, Axel; Scasso, Martín Guillermo – Journal of Education Policy, 2021
Since 2000, the PISA test implemented by OECD has become the prime benchmark for international comparisons in education. The 2015 PISA edition introduced methodological changes that altered the nature of its results. PISA made no longer valid non-reached items of the final part of the test, assuming that those unanswered questions were more a…
Descriptors: Test Validity, Computer Assisted Testing, Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests
Hipkins, Rosemary – set: Research Information for Teachers, 2019
PISA [Programme for International Student Assessment] will be in the news again this year. The 2018 results are due to be released at the end of 2019 and they usually generate media interest. This Rangahau Whakarapopoto is a research brief which outlines things to watch out for as you think about what the results might mean.
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students, International Assessment
Debeer, Dries; Janssen, Rianne – AERA Online Paper Repository, 2016
In educational assessments two types of missing responses can be discerned: items can be "not reached" or "skipped". Both types of omissions may be related to the test taker's proficiency, resulting in non-ignorable missingness. This paper proposes to model not reached and skipped items as part of the response process, using…
Descriptors: International Assessment, Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, Secondary School Students
Forestier, Katherine; Adamson, Bob – Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 2017
Adopting a comparative perspective to address educational issues in different contexts was a hallmark of Jullien's work in the early-nineteenth century. Different emphases and approaches to comparative education methodology have emerged in recent times thanks to major developments in technology, but have these changes rendered Jullien's ideas…
Descriptors: Criticism, International Assessment, Comparative Education, Comparative Analysis
Debeer, Dries; Janssen, Rianne; De Boeck, Paul – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2017
When dealing with missing responses, two types of omissions can be discerned: items can be skipped or not reached by the test taker. When the occurrence of these omissions is related to the proficiency process the missingness is nonignorable. The purpose of this article is to present a tree-based IRT framework for modeling responses and omissions…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Items, Responses, Testing Problems
Schleicher, Andreas – Online Submission, 2016
The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) provides a framework in which over 80 countries collaborate to build advanced global metrics to assess the knowledge, skills and character attributes of the students. The design of assessments poses major conceptual and technical challenges, as successful learning. Beyond a sound…
Descriptors: International Assessment, Educational Methods, Educational Policy, Minimum Competency Testing
Arffman, Inga – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2013
The article reviews research and findings on problems and issues faced when translating international academic achievement tests. The purpose is to draw attention to the problems, to help to develop the procedures followed when translating the tests, and to provide suggestions for further research. The problems concentrate on the following: the…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Translation, Testing Problems, Test Construction
Bray, Mark; Kobakhidze, Magda Nutsa – Comparative Education Review, 2014
Expanding numbers of researchers are focusing on the scale and impact of private supplementary tutoring. Such tutoring is widely called shadow education, since much of its curriculum mimics that of regular schooling. Although shadow education has expanded significantly worldwide and is now recognized to have far-reaching significance, research…
Descriptors: Tutoring, Private Education, Educational Research, Measurement
Skinner, Rebecca R. – Congressional Research Service, 2018
Assessing the achievement of students in elementary and secondary schools and the nation's educational progress is fundamental to informing education policy approaches. Congressional interest in this area includes and extends beyond the annual assessments administered by states to comply with the educational accountability requirements of Title…
Descriptors: National Competency Tests, Achievement Tests, Mathematics Achievement, Mathematics Tests
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