The Skills Imperative 2035 is a five-year strategic research programme, funded by the Nuffield Foundation, which is investigating future skills needs, skills supply and skill development, with a particular focus on the 'Essential Employment Skills' (EES) that are projected to be most vital across the labour market in 2035. The focus in this stage…

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is an international comparative study that assesses how well 15-year-olds, who have nearly completed compulsory schooling in most participating educational systems, can use their knowledge and skills to meet real-world opportunities and challenges. In each cycle of PISA, students are…

This paper describes the main findings of a national action-research project, promoted by Regional School Office of Campania (South of Italy), aimed at improving numeracy and mathematical literacy through supporting schools' activities. The main focus is on processes underlying the creation of capabilities in representation, reasoning and…

Mathematical word problem solving is influenced by various characteristics of the task and the person solving it. Yet, previous research has rarely related these characteristics to holistically answer which word problem requires which set of individual cognitive skills. In the present study, we conducted a secondary data analysis on a dataset of N…

The aim of this study is to reveal the mathematical literacy skills of seventh grade students according to the PISA Mathematical Literacy Framework. In the study, a special case study from qualitative research methods was used. The participants of the study were 25 seventh grade students studying in the middle school of a public school in Giresun…

Problem solving is the most important factor in mathematics learning. The results of Trends of International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Program for International Students Assessment (PISA) show Malaysian students are facing difficulties in problem solving. This study investigates the ability of foundation level students of a public…

The advancement of technology has led to a growing interest in assessing scientific inquiry within digital platforms. This shift towards dynamic and interactive inquiry assessments enables researchers to investigate not only the accuracy of student responses ("product data") but also their steps and actions leading to those responses…

This book seeks to illustrate the research on mathematics competencies and disposition in China according to the conceptual development and empirical investigation perspective. Mathematics education in China has a distinguishing feature a focus of attention to mathematical competency. Paradoxically, there has not been an explicit, refined, and…

The purpose of this study was to investigate eighth grade students' mathematical communication competency, affective characteristics, and the differentiation in affective characteristics across their communication competency levels. The mixed method sequential explanatory design was used. The quantitative data were collected from 140 students…

This research aims to describe students' level of algebraic reasoning based on the adversity quotient types of climber, camper, and quitter in solving PISA model mathematics problems. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research began by administering a questionnaire to determine the student's adversity quotient…

Computational thinking and programming have emerged as central 21st-century skills. Several countries have embedded these skills in their school curricula. This study investigates how an optional programming course affects eighth-grade mathematical problem solving in Norway using a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-tests. These tests…

In order for future-oriented thinking skills to examine both cognitive and language skills, there is a need to examine the skill levels of professionals across various fields of education. The present study investigated the degree to which intermediate schoolteachers possess future thinking skills in the light of Program for International Student…

International organisations have pressed countries to prepare students for the knowledge economy by building real-life competencies into national curricula, and the OECD's PISA has assessed competencies like collaboration and creative problem solving. But is there really a deficit in competencies that schools must address? This review of empirical…

The achievement of Indonesian students in PISA remains unsatisfactory, as evidenced by their scores that are below the baseline level set in PISA. One of the contributing factors is that Indonesian students are less trained in solving problems with characteristics such as in PISA items. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize Indonesian students…

Nowadays, individuals are expected to be literate in different areas. Mathematical literacy and financial literacy are among them. Mathematical literacy has been evaluated in PISA since 2000 while financial literacy has been included in PISA since 2012. Based on the idea that there is a close relationship between these literacies, in this study…