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Ercikan, Kadriye; Guo, Hongwen; He, Qiwei – Educational Assessment, 2020
Comparing group is one of the key uses of large-scale assessment results, which are used to gain insights to inform policy and practice and to examine the comparability of scores and score meaning. Such comparisons typically focus on examinees' final answers and responses to test questions, ignoring response process differences groups may engage…
Descriptors: Data Use, Responses, Comparative Analysis, Test Bias