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Direct linkConley, Mark W. – Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 2018
The policy reforms over the past 15 years have placed all the responsibility for reading achievement on teachers, with little, if any, support. What many have achieved is declining achievement in comparison with other countries. Moreover, there are increasing teacher shortages, as promising individuals choose other careers and teachers leave the…
Descriptors: Reading Achievement, Achievement Gap, Teacher Shortage, Literacy Education
Liebowitz, David; González, Pablo; Hooge, Edith; Lima, Gonçalo – OECD Publishing, 2018
This country review offers an independent analysis of major issues facing the use of school resources in Portugal from an international perspective. It provides a description of national policies, an analysis of strengths and challenges and options for possible future approaches. The analysis focuses on the process of decentralisation of school…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Resources, Educational Policy, Administrative Organization
