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Direct linkZhao, Xueyu; Solano-Flores, Guillermo; Qian, Ming – International Multilingual Research Journal, 2018
This article addresses test translation review in international test comparisons. We investigated the applicability of the theory of test translation error--a theory of the multidimensionality and inevitability of test translation error--across source language-target language combinations in the translation of PISA (Programme of International…
Descriptors: Translation, Error Patterns, Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries
Fleckenstein, Johanna; Leucht, Michael; Pant, Hans Anand; Köller, Olaf – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2016
Background: English language proficiency is considered a basic skill that students from different language backgrounds are expected to master, independent of whether they are native or non-native speakers. Tests that measure language proficiency in non-native speakers are typically linked to the common European framework of reference for…
Descriptors: Native Speakers, Language Proficiency, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
