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Direct linkSolano-Flores, Guillermo; Wang, Chao; Shade, Chelsey – International Journal of Testing, 2016
We examined multimodality (the representation of information in multiple semiotic modes) in the context of international test comparisons. Using Program of International Student Assessment (PISA)-2009 data, we examined the correlation of the difficulty of science items and the complexity of their illustrations. We observed statistically…
Descriptors: Semiotics, Difficulty Level, Test Items, Science Tests
