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Direct linkJohn Jerrim; Luis Alejandro Lopez-Agudo; Oscar David Marcenaro-Gutierrez – British Journal of Educational Studies, 2024
International large-scale assessments have gained much attention since the beginning of the twenty-first century, influencing education legislation in many countries. This includes Spain, where they have been used by successive governments to justify education policy change. Unfortunately, there was a problem with the PISA 2018 reading scores for…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Secondary School Students
