Introduction: Studies have investigated the beginning of the decline in motivation during the transition of students to secondary school, with a low point in year 9. However, there are only a few studies that have researched the course of learning and achievement motivation separately for high-tracking school students, although--following the…

Positive teacher-student relationships are critical for motivation in secondary school yet are conceptualized and measured inconsistently in motivation research. Motivation studies that draw on relational theories typically treat teacher-student relationships as a multidimensional construct, comprising positive (e.g., closeness) and negative…

Researchers have conducted numerous studies on the positive effects of intrinsic motivation to learn mathematics and the negative impact of mathematics anxiety on students' performance in mathematics literacy. The study examined how the introduction of cognitive activation in mathematics lessons, a mediator variable, would alter these effects…

The present study explores the sources of validity evidence of the mathematics self-concept construct in Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2022 with a focus on concurrent, discriminant, and predictive evidence. Mathematics self-concept was provided with a single index variable in PISA 2022. Using only the U.S. students who…

Reading engagement is a strong predictor of students' reading outcomes, but its consistent positive effects across diverse student groups remain unclear. Research on the reading engagement of multilingual adolescents is notably limited. We investigated the interactions of affective and cognitive dimensions of reading engagement in relation to…

This study examined how science epistemological beliefs and motivations (i.e., self-efficacy, enjoyment, interest, and instrumental motivation) were related to science performance in the UK, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Mainland China samples, using the data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015. The results showed…

Mathematical achievement and the factors that influence students' skills to apply their knowledge and reasoning to solving real-world problems are considered a critical area of study within the PISA framework. This study presents a systematic review of the impact of teaching strategies and practices on students' mathematical achievements in PISA.…

The increasing use of low-stakes international assessments highlights the importance of test-taking efforts. Previous studies have used self-reported and response time-based measures to examine this effort. Although differences between these measures have been suggested, their association with performances and potential gender gaps remains…

The students' socioeconomic background effect on the educational outcomes makes it more difficult to find real equality of opportunity within the educational system. In this paper, we analyse the relationship of career guidance at school with cognitive skills, and also with expectations and motivation for a sample of more than 188,000 15-year-old…

There is currently a lack of a more integrated perspective on reading literacy education. In preschool reading activities, it's important to maximize an individual's potential for reading literacy development with limited nurturing energy. Based on self-regulated theory and metacognitive models, this study explored the pathway model of the…

Achievement tests are commonly used in education to evaluate students' academic performance and proficiency in specific subject areas. However, there is a major problem that threatens the validity of achievement test scores which is test-taking disengagement. Respondents provide answers that are inconsistent with their true ability level and can…

The present study was guided by the Ontario Leadership Framework for Leadership, which involved 412 minority Grade 9 students (female = 224; male = 188, M[subscript age] = 14.86, SD = 0.71) who were sampled and matched with their teachers' data to understand the extent teacher collective efficacy (TCE) and teacher commitment (TC) co-mediate the…

According to the situated expectancy-value model, students' motivational beliefs interact and are influenced by situations. This study examined how within-person fluctuations in science-related self-concept, intrinsic value, and cost are associated over time among Helsinki elementary students (N = 538, ages 7-12). The random intercept cross-lagged…

There has been long discussion in educational psychology about the individual factors that promote pupils' sense of school belonging during secondary education. However, the literature on the school factors associated with these outcomes seems to be less informed. By utilising an ecological-systemic approach, the present study aimed to consider…

Classical conceptualisations of self-regulated learning typically ignore the role of teaching strategies in real-world classrooms. Therefore, the present exploratory study aimed to examine the different clusters of perceived teaching strategies and students' metacognitive knowledge and experiences, and motivation. The data came from 6365 (49.63%…