The ongoing debate over the positive effects of a growth mindset on student outcomes has called for investigations into its contextual moderators (see Yeager & Dweck in Am Psychol 75(9):1269--1284, 2020. 10.1037/amp0000794). This study examined the potential moderating role of parental support in the associations of a growth mindset with…

In this study, we take a critical look at the degree to which the measurement of bullying and sense of belonging at school is invariant across groups of students defined by immigrant status. Our study focuses on the invariance of these constructs as measured on a recent PISA administration and includes a discussion of two statistical methods for…

Background: Test score comparability in international large-scale assessments (LSAs) is greatly important to ensure test fairness. To effectively compare test scores on an international scale, score linking is widely used to convert raw scores from different linguistic version of test forms into a common score scale. An example is the multigroup…

Classical conceptualisations of self-regulated learning typically ignore the role of teaching strategies in real-world classrooms. Therefore, the present exploratory study aimed to examine the different clusters of perceived teaching strategies and students' metacognitive knowledge and experiences, and motivation. The data came from 6365 (49.63%…

Analysis of different forms of tracking reveal that they correlate with differences of pupils' SES and reproduce inequalities. Against this background, this paper examines the concepts of education and the 'virtual social identities' -- or visions what the individual pupil should be -- in school policy.. This is done by analysing and comparing…