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Ricardo Colaço; Pedro Freitas; Luis Catela Nunes; Ana Balcão Reis – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2025
We analyse the PISA-reported convergence in the performance of private and public schools in Portugal. When PISA sampling weights are used, the number of students enrolled in those types of schools and specific grades/tracks of study differs significantly from official population figures. To account for those differences, we apply a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Achievement Tests, International Assessment, Secondary School Students
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Jiayi Deng – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2025
Background: Test score comparability in international large-scale assessments (LSAs) is greatly important to ensure test fairness. To effectively compare test scores on an international scale, score linking is widely used to convert raw scores from different linguistic version of test forms into a common score scale. An example is the multigroup…
Descriptors: Guessing (Tests), Item Response Theory, Error Patterns, Arabic
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Robitzsch, Alexander; Lüdtke, Oliver – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2023
One major aim of international large-scale assessments (ILSA) like PISA is to monitor changes in student performance over time. To accomplish this task, a set of common items (i.e., link items) is repeatedly administered in each assessment. Linking methods based on item response theory (IRT) models are used to align the results from the different…
Descriptors: Educational Trends, Trend Analysis, International Assessment, Achievement Tests
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Saifurrisal, Ahmad Hasan – International Society for Technology, Education, and Science, 2022
Problem-solving is one of the 21st-century skills. However, students still have difficulty solving sequences and series word problems. The purpose of this research is to analyze students' errors in solving sequences and series word problems based on problem-solving steps of Polya. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The research…
Descriptors: Error Patterns, Word Problems (Mathematics), Mathematics Tests, Student Attitudes