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Talwar, Victoria; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Lee, Kang – Social Development, 2011
Few studies have examined the influence of environmental factors on children's executive functioning (EF) performance. The present study examined the effects of a punitive vs. non-punitive school environment on West African children's EF skills. Tasks included a "cool" (relatively non-affective) and "hot" (relatively…
Descriptors: Delay of Gratification, Verbal Ability, Kindergarten, Grade 1
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Leerkes, Esther M.; Blankson, A. Nayena; O'Brien, Marion; Calkins, Susan D.; Marcovitch, Stuart – Infant and Child Development, 2011
Using a sample of 263 mother-child dyads, we examined the extent to which maternal emotional and cognitive support during a joint problem-solving task when children were 3-years-old predicted children's academic skills 1 year later independent of each other, the quality of the home learning environment, and maternal emotional responsiveness. When…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Problem Solving, Educational Environment, Mothers