The purpose of this study was to determine if significant differences in first grade achievement appeared among pupils who participated in an eight-week Summer Head Start Program and qualified pupils who did not participate. Both groups were divided into three subgroups according to scores on the Draw-A-Man Test. Each subgroup (high, middle, and low) consisted of seventeen students. The Metropolitan Readiness Test was given to both groups during the first week of September, 1970. There was no difference in the two groups at the .05 level of significance. During the last week of April, 1971, the Metropolitan Achievement Test, Primary I Battery was given to both groups. A two-way analysis of variance was performed with high, middle, and low subgroups based upon Draw-A-Man scores as one factor and experimental and control as the other factor. There was no significant difference in word knowledge, word analysis, and reading. There was, however, a significant difference in arithmetic computation and concepts, the control group scoring higher than the experimental group. The conclusion: the participation in the Summer Head Start Program had no positive influence on readiness and achievement at the first grade level for the students in this study. (Author/WR)