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Download full textNatalia Palacios; Natalie L. Bohlmann; Bethany A. Bell; Min Hyun Oh; Yitong Yue – AERA Open, 2024
Utilizing Utah state data, the aim of this study is to examine the association between language program types programs (dual language programs [DLI], sheltered instruction [SEI], and English as a second language [ESL]) since first grade and third-grade basic literacy skills of Spanish-speaking English learners (ELs) in the United States. We employ…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Outcomes of Education, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Direct linkGonzales, Wendy; Tejero Hughes, Marie – Reading Psychology, 2021
Over 11 million students enter school speaking a language other than English. Due to their emerging English proficiency, many English Learners (ELs) struggle with English literacy, which impacts their overall achievement in school. However, there is evidence that ELs who have solid skills in their native language are able to apply their…
Descriptors: Spanish, Literacy Education, Outcomes of Education, English Language Learners
