In this literature review, I explore the research centered on co-teaching, including its history and evolution, labels and definitions, benefits and drawbacks, and working models, with the goal of making transfers to music teaching contexts. Established initially within an inclusive teaching framework as a result of governmental reforms,…

The latest data shows that teacher recruitment and retention in England remain in a perilous state and represents a substantial on-going risk to the quality of education. Recruitment to initial teacher training (ITT) has been persistently below target in most secondary subjects and primary since the pandemic and the latest data shows no change.…

This methodology appendix explains the data used and the analysis undertaken to produce the findings in the full report, "Teacher Labour Market in England: Annual Report 2025." The first section lists all of the secondary data sources that were used in the analysis, followed by an explanation of how data were used from the School…

Developing schedules is one of the most challenging undertakings that school and district leaders do every year. It's also one of the most important. School schedules often have significant inefficiencies that impact student experiences and outcomes, like course offerings that don't align with student needs; mismatches in resources across schools;…

The Double Reduction policy represents a significant educational reform endeavor of the Chinese government to alleviate the overly heavy burdens of homework and off-campus training for compulsory education students. Using the method of literature review, this study surveys the existing empirical research on the effects of the policy on the…

Language teacher educators (LTEs) play a critical role in quality education and have a considerable potential impact on pre-service teachers as well as their future pupils. Yet, there is only limited work that seeks to understand their needs and psychologies as individuals. They remain virtually 'invisible' in research terms as a population. In…

Concerns are mounting about the attraction and retention of teachers in Australian schools. This study draws upon a questionnaire of 2444 Australian primary and secondary school teachers, which revealed that only 41% of respondents intended to remain in the profession. Through a thematic analysis of the qualitative data within the questionnaire,…

The work of teachers is often understood primarily in relation to student learning rather than as a form of labour for the worker in question. While such a focus is understandable, it can fail to recognize the relationship between conditions of work and the character or nature of that work. In this article, we engage with the issue of teachers'…

This report details findings from the qualitative strand of the Working Lives of Teachers and Leaders survey (WLTL), conducted by IFF Research and IOE, UCL's Faculty of Education and Society, on behalf of the Department for Education (DfE). As part of the Year 3 wave of the WLTL survey, this research took place in autumn 2024 and focused on…

Many previous studies have evidenced the benefits research has on the teaching and learning process when conducted by teachers themselves. Consequently, there has been a growing number of teacher-researchers across the world, including teachers who have learned to be teacher-researchers. Understanding and knowing these teacher-researchers'…

Concerns regarding high rates of teacher stress and burnout are present globally. Yet there is limited current data regarding the severity of stress, or the role of intrapersonal and environmental factors in relation to teacher stress and burnout within the Australian context. The present study, conducted over an 18-month period, prior to the…

Using time to enable success in teaching and learning is a critical part of every school's, district's and state's journey to success. It seems that there is never enough time in schools, and leaders struggle to make the most of what they have. How best to use this precious resource is a critical question. While time in isolation from other…

In looking at four broad factors related to teacher assignments in the Los Angeles School District--instructional load, homophily, colleague qualifications, and professional culture--researchers of urban education policy at the University of Southern California discovered three main lessons for practice: First, that teacher working conditions are…

The Working Lives of Teachers and Leaders (WLTL) is a longitudinal study anticipated to run for at least five years, up to 2026. It is intended to provide a representative picture of the experiences of teachers and leaders in state schools in England. The third wave was carried out in spring 2024. It was conducted by IFF Research and IOE UCL's…

The purpose of this study was to examine factors that may influence the projected career plans of music teachers in rural areas. Survey participants (N = 115) in Wyoming completed a questionnaire designed to elicit responses about multiple factors and projected career plans in one year and in five years. The vast majority of participants planned…