Background/purpose. Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) development represents a critical challenge in biology higher education. While Project-Based Learning (PjBL) shows promise, empirical evidence remains fragmented across individual studies. This meta-analysis systematically synthesized evidence on PjBL effectiveness in developing HOTS among…

Developing students' metacognitive awareness and self-efficacy is crucial for fostering independent learning and higher-order thinking skills, especially in research-related tasks. Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of cultivating higher-order thinking skills in higher education, there remains a significant gap in our…

Scientific modeling is a fundamental tool in STEM education that facilitates the understanding and explanation of complex phenomena. This study examines the effects of the STEM Modelling Design Thinking (STEM MDT) compared to the STEM Project Based Learning (STEM PjBL), particularly in the context of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), in…

Demonstrating higher-order thinking skills is crucial for thriving in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment. In science education, inquiry-based learning has increasingly been recognized as a potent approach to stimulate students' higher-order thinking skills. While prior research has shown evidence of its positive…

The enhancement of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) can be achieved through the implementation of active learning models. The current study aimed to examine the efficacy of the Pj4CS (Integrated Project-Based and 4C-Scaffolding) learning model on pre-service biology teachers' HOTS. This study employed a quasi-experimental design. The…

The development of higher-order thinking skills requires appropriate learning techniques. Project-based learning and integrated learning are learning models that can be used for this purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of project-based learning and integrated learning to the HOTS development of students in 6 private schools. The…

Active learning is the new standard for teaching in higher education. As more faculty seek to expand their teaching practices by including active-learning activities that promote higher levels of learning, many are doing so in small doses by temporarily postponing traditional lectures in favor of group activities. While there is evidence…

Previous research has shown that in prehigher education stages, inquiry-based teaching is not sufficient for forming a mature understanding of the nature of science (NOS). However, there is relatively little research conducted on colleges. Inquiry-based teaching should not overlook cognitive frameworks, as students' limited scientific reasoning…

Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) is known to develop advanced cognitive skills, particularly in complex subjects like geography. However, integrating Spherical Video-Based Virtual Reality (SVVR) with IBL remains underexplored. This study proposed an SVVR-based IBL approach to enhance geography education for high school students in Thailand. A…

Background/purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effect of the application of the PjBL learning model assisted by AR on students' critical thinking skills. The focus of this study is on sixth-grade students with solar system material, designed to explore how the integration of AR technology in PjBL can improve student engagement, conceptual…

Understanding human behavior and reasoning is essential for developing successful instruction. Discipline-based education researchers have examined how students learn, informing the development of successful instructional strategies. Researchers have also identified barriers to the successful implementation of such strategies. This work utilizes…

This quasi-experimental study investigates the comparative effectiveness of inquiry-based learning, STEAM, and Guided Inquiry-STEAM (GI-STEAM) in fostering elementary students' creative thinking skills and scientific attitudes. A total of 115 students from public elementary schools in Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, were given a…

Multiple-documents-based (inquiry) tasks are often used to examine historical thinking, as they require students to apply discipline-specific ways of reasoning and writing. Intervention studies using such tasks have often relied on principles from cognitive apprenticeship to make these discipline-specific heuristics explicit to students. While…

Analytical thinking skills were an essential learning process for primary students. The research objectives were to 1) study the current condition, problems, and good practices regarding teaching and learning. 2) develop a blended instructional model using the inquiry process with digital games to enhance analytical thinking skills for elementary…

Collaborative inquiry-based learning (CIBL) is a notable instructional method used to nurture students' higher order thinking skills. Few studies, however, have examined the mediating effect of learning approach (i.e., deep approach and surface approach) as an essential component in collaborative inquiry-based learning and the association between…