Found that patterns of associations in adolescent coping and adult adaptation over time differ by sex. Coping and adapting to stress by turning to religion or to friends were found to be sex-specific. Convergence between adolescent coping strategies and traditional gender roles predicted good young-adult adaptation. (TM)

A stress model was developed to explore the impact of role loss upon the lives of the elderly. Cumulative data was used to test the model separately for men and women. Results indicated that role loss does have an indirect and direct effect on coping resources and life satisfaction. (Author)

Conducted two studies in which college students (n=241) described their methods of coping with depressive affect and evaluated efficaciousness of those methods. Five times more behavioral than cognitive strategies were reported. Ratings for perceived effectiveness for all strategies were higher than ratings of likelihood of being employed. Men's…

This study links cognitive development and psychological adaptation by relating play attributes, assessed from a predominantly cognitive-developmental perspective, to "ego resiliency," which is a measure of flexibility in coping with stress. Subjects were 104 participants in a longitudinal study (Block & Block, 1980); 78 were given…

The Reasons for Living Inventory was completed by 95 Black and 132 White male and female students at a predominantly White southern university. Female subjects had a greater fear of, and objection to, suicide. Blacks scored higher than Whites in reasons for living. (DM)

Previous research has shown that women and minority medical students experience stresses not observed in their white male peers. This study examined the combined effects of race and sex on the stress manifested in a diverse longitudinal sample of medical students from two medical schools. Students (N=259, an 82.7% response rate) in the first year…

A common assumption, reflective of data obtained from older males, often in institutional or outpatient settings, is that being old and alone is a severely negative condition. A sample of 300 older men and women in community settings provides an alternative perspective. For a number of daily living activities as well as personal and interpersonal…

Examines whether bereavement is causally related to the high risk of death among the widowed. Reviews the use of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies and shortcomings in the research. Discusses possible alternative explanations for high mortality risk. Suggests continued research in this area. (RC)

Results suggest that characteristics of the marital lifestyle may impede or facilitate adjustment to marital separation, although salient characteristics may vary for men and women, and change with age. The existence of separate avenues for self-expression constitutes a major resource in coping with the transition to singlehood. (Author)

Although acknowledging stressful aspects of dual-career living, most participants defined their life-style positively. Achieving a balance between the advantages and disadvantages of the lifestyle appears to be the overriding concern of most dual-career couples. (Author)

An inventory with five subscales was developed to identify major kinds of coping used in dealing with recurring marital problems, based on 368 subjects. The final scale of 64 items was studied to determine the scale-score attributes of subjects sorted for age, sex, education, and years married, and for aspects of validity. (Author/TE)

The matter of gender differences that influence adolescent development is considered by means of an empirical investigation. Implications of the results are discussed for parents, teachers and special services professionals. (Author)

Explores the relationship between gender and the ability of parents to manage work and family responsibilities using single fathers (n=346) and single mothers (n=364) in military communities. No gender differences were found among single parents who perceived they were successful at managing family and work responsibilities. There were gender…

Adopted a structural perspective in examining life events in the context of an individual's life story. Ten men and 10 women at each of 3 age groups identified personally significant life events from their past and anticipated future. Women identified more life events and reported a younger age corresponding to their first event than men.…

Identifies key issues in the psychosocial development of women and men that are important to understanding dual-career marriages. Describes life as a dual career family considering rewards, sources of stress, and factors that promote effective coping. Addresses pertinent metaissues--concepts of equity and the nature of society. Offers…