The purpose of this study was to assess measurement equivalence of the 15-item Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale (PBSS) across White and Black college students. Results partially supported measurement equivalence across racial groups. Clinicians and researchers should be cautious in using the PBSS to make comparisons between White and Black…

Construct validation evidence for the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) offers support for the use of the IDI to assess individuals' ability to observe differences and similarities, and adapt behavior to cultural context. This review offers researchers and practitioners the information needed to make an informed decision about using the…

The factor structure, measurement invariance, and internal consistency of the Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ-4) was examined with a rural, predominately Hispanic sample (N = 711). Findings supported use of a one-factor model across gender, age groups, and Spanish-speaking groups. Counseling practice and research…

Researchers developed and initially validated a client-report measure of counselors' cultural humility, entitled the Cultural Humility and Enactment Scale (CHES). The sample includes 434 adults recruited from web-based surveys. Exploratory factor analyses were performed to examine the initial factor structure of the CHES. Bivariate correlations…

We developed the Beliefs and Evaluations About Counseling Services (BEACS) scale by incorporating a mathematical formula adopted from the Theory of Reasoned Action. We conducted three studies using distinctive samples for item generation, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and obtained the validity evidence for scores from the scale.

The article describes the development and validation of the Career Personality Styles Inventory (CPSI). The CPSI comprehensively assesses Holland's career personality styles with only 22 items. Based on a series of 3 studies, we found satisfactory internal consistency, factor structure, and criterion validities of the newly constructed CPSI.

This study assessed factorial invariance of scores from the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms - 34 (CCAPS-34) across military (n = 2,836) and nonmilitary (n = 2,836) students accessing counseling services between 2014 and 2016. Based on factorial invariance tests, findings suggest the CCAPS-34 measures the same constructs…

Counselor educators must prepare school counselor trainees to celebrate diversity. Via confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory, this research indicates school counselor multicultural competence is a stable 4-domain model consisting of assessment of school environment, reflection of personal culture, development of interpersonal…

This article aims to adapt and validate the Risk-Taking and Self-Harm Inventory for Adolescents (RTSHIA) in Portuguese. Results confirm the 2-factor structure originally proposed (risk-taking and self-harm). Both dimensions presented an adequate internal reliability and temporal stability. Convergent validity and sociodemographic differences are…

This study was designed to evaluate the dimensionality, internal consistency, and validity of scores on the Arabic Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory--Short Form (PTGI--SF). This brief 10-item form of the PTGI self-report measure was administered to a sample of Arabic-speaking professional helpers (N = 338) working in Israel, Gaza, and the West Bank.…

To facilitate rigorous research on community programs to promote positive intergroup relations among youth, 2 studies were conducted to establish the psychometric properties of the Youth Diversity Acceptance Scale (YoDA). In Study 1, a unifactorial structure was identified for the YoDA using data provided by 126 high school youth involved in a…

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is a data reduction technique used to condense data into smaller sets of summary variables by identifying underlying factors potentially accounting for patterns of collinearity among said variables. Using an illustrative example, the 5 general steps of EFA are described with best practices for decision making…

Researchers performed an exploratory factor analysis on the Attitudes Toward Erotica Questionnaire (ATEQ) and examined the construct and concurrent validity of the ATEQ data with a sample of practicing counselors and marriage and family therapists in the state of Florida (N = 373). The data analyses resulted in a two-factor, 10-item assessment…

This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the 21-item Spiritual Competency Scale (SCS-R-II) with data from 176 participants. Moreover, this study examined correlations between the SCS-R-II and the Multicultural Counseling Knowledge and Awareness Scale, and the descriptive characteristics of participants' scores on the SCS-R-II.

We examined the factor structure and other psychometric properties of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) in Korean nonclinical (N1 = 457, N2 = 444) and clinical undergraduate samples (N3 = 12). Results support the revised 3-factor structure and applicability of the SPIN as a measure yielding valid and reliable scores of social anxiety to Koreans.