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Peer reviewedFortmann, Stephen P.; Killen, Joel D. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1995
Smokers were randomized using a factorial design to compare nicotine gum use to no gum use, and self-help materials to no materials. Compared with the no-gum group, relapse occurred at a significantly lower rate in the gum group for the entire 12 months of follow-up. There was no significant main effect for the self-help materials and no…
Descriptors: Coping, Followup Studies, Higher Education, Outcomes of Treatment
Peer reviewedRyan, Christopher M.; Morrow, Lisa A. – Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1986
The self-esteem of 125 diabetic and 82 nondiabetic adolescents was examined with the Piers-Harris scale. Girls who developed diabetes before five years of age had poorer self-concept scores than early onset boys, whereas boys and girls in the later onset or control groups had equivalent scores. This interaction was restricted to Physical…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age Differences, Anxiety, Body Image
