Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the pandemic affects the motivation and job satisfaction of university researchers as a whole and by their separate groups by gender, age, academic position (career stage) and degree. Design/methodology/approach: The authors studied French universities for changes in motivation and job…

Purpose: Using public universities as research setting, this study explored whether perception of the prevalence of instrumental ethical climate (IEC) differ among employees based on their gender, age, education levels, job tenure and status. Design/methodology/approach: Structured survey questionnaires were used in collecting data, and responses…

Purpose: Despite all the complications COVID-19 brought to the education sector, the pandemic has indirectly created various work flexibility arrangements for educators. This paper investigates the impact of different work flexibility arrangements on educators' emotional exhaustion while taking educators' backgrounds (gender, tenure and age) into…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper (based on the relevant literature) is to: investigate, through empirical analysis, primary school teachers' perceptions regarding their job satisfaction, and examine whether or not the personal characteristics of primary school educators (such as gender, age, family status, educational level, and the total years…