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Hanna Halkola; Charlotte Viktorsson; Emily J. H. Jones; Tony Charman; Terje Falck-Ytter; Giorgia Bussu – Developmental Science, 2025
Adaptive behaviour refers to the everyday skills that individuals are expected to have to function independently, based on their age and societal norms. Currently, we know little about the role of genetic and environmental factors in parent-rated adaptive behaviours in early infancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the aetiological…
Descriptors: Environmental Influences, Infant Behavior, Infants, Genetics
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Trampush, Joey W.; Jacobs, Michelle M.; Hurd, Yasmin L.; Newcorn, Jeffrey H.; Halperin, Jeffrey M. – Developmental Science, 2014
We tested the hypothesis that dopamine D1 and D2 receptor gene (DRD1 and DRD2, respectively) polymorphisms and the development of working memory skills can interact to influence symptom change over 10 years in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Specifically, we examined whether improvements in working memory maintenance…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Short Term Memory, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Genetics
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Hocking, Darren R.; Thomas, Daniel; Menant, Jasmine C.; Porter, Melanie A.; Smith, Stuart; Lord, Stephen R.; Cornish, Kim M. – Developmental Science, 2013
Previous studies suggest that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a rare genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder, show specific weaknesses in visual attention and response inhibition within the visuospatial domain. Here we examine the extent to which impairments in attentional control extend to the visuomotor domain using a…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Genetic Disorders, Inhibition, Control Groups
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Stevenson, Jim; Asherson, Phil; Hay, David; Levy, Florence; Swanson, Jim; Thapar, Anita; Willcutt, Erik – Developmental Science, 2005
The genetic study of ADHD has made considerable progress. Further developments in the field will be reliant in part on identifying the most appropriate phenotypes for genetic analysis. The use of both categorical and dimensional measures of symptoms related to ADHD has been productive. The use of multiple reporters is a valuable feature of the…
Descriptors: Psychopathology, Genetics, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Classification
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Banaschewski, Tobias; Hollis, Chris; Oosterlaan, Jaap; Roeyers, Herbert; Rubia, Katya; Willcutt, Erik; Taylor, Eric – Developmental Science, 2005
Most attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research has compared cases with unaffected controls. This has led to many associations, but uncertainties about their specificity to ADHD in contrast with other disorders. We present a selective review of research, comparing ADHD with other disorders in neuropsychological, neurobiological and…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Genetics, Physiology, Pathology
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Coghill, Dave; Nigg, Joel; Rothenberger, Aribert; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Tannock, Rosemary – Developmental Science, 2005
In this paper we examine the current status of the science of ADHD from a theoretical point of view. While the field has reached the point at which a number of causal models have been proposed, it remains some distance away from demonstrating the viability of such models empirically. We identify a number of existing barriers and make proposals as…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Barriers, Environmental Influences