Sex differences on the Attention Test (AC), the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM), and the Brazilian Cognitive Battery (BPR5), were investigated using four large samples (total N=6780), residing in the states of Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo. The majority of samples used, which were obtained from educational settings, could be considered a…

Researchers interested in working memory have debated whether it should be considered a single latent cognitive ability or a set of essentially independent latent abilities distinguished by domain-specific memory and/or processing resources. Simultaneously, researchers interested in cognitive aging have established that there are substantial…

This paper compares different theoretical models of the structure of intelligence, based on the analysis of data obtained in a series of measured abilities corresponding to the Spectrum assessment activities (Gardner, Feldman & Krechevsky, 1998) in a sample of 393 children enrolled in kindergarten and first grade. The data were analyzed using…

Research into sex differences in general intelligence, g, has resulted in two opposite views. In the first view, a g-difference is nonexistent, while in the second view, g is associated with a male advantage. Past research using Multi-Group Covariance and Mean Structure Analysis (MG-CMSA) found no sex difference in g. This failure raised the…

Measures of broad fluid abilities including verbal, quantitative, and figural reasoning are commonly used in the K-12 school context for a variety of purposes. However, differentiation of these domains is difficult for young children (grades K-2) who lack basic linguistic and mathematical literacy. This study examined the latent factor structure…

Spearman's "law of diminishing returns" or SLODR refers to a decrease in "g" saturation as ability level increases. SLODR has been demonstrated in a number of intellectual batteries but several important aspects of the phenomenon are not yet well understood. We investigated the presence of SLODR in the Kaufman Assessment…

In an argument for orthogonal variables to explain intelligence, higher-order constructs, including "g" as a single thing in intelligence, are suggested to inevitably result from complex systems with interrelated parts. Biological reductionism and other arguments for the higher-order constructs as explanations of intellectual functioning…

Studied whether a primary imagery (IM) factor can be identified as a separate dimension of individual differences in the spatial ability domain. Findings for 213 adults suggest the existence of three first-order IM factors, and a second-order confirmatory factor analysis suggests that the visual imagery dimensions can be located within the spatial…

Cluster analysis, applied to Carroll's cognitive theory, indicates that the obtained clusters make intuitive sense and imply that taxonomy is possible. Moreover, some clusters are similar to those suggested by other theories, especially the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. (Author/CP)

Created an adaptation of the Digit Symbol subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Digit Symbol Rotation test, and evaluated its "g" loading with 54 adults. Results suggest the Digit Symbol Rotation test has more factorial validity than Digit Symbol, but remains equally easy to administer and score. (SLD)

A three-stratum theory of intelligence was tested using hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis with the LISREL computer program. Results from subsamples of a group of 6,359 participants aged 2 to 90 years supported the 3-stratum theory, but did not support developmental changes in the organization of cognitive abilities. (SLD)

This study was designed to test the reliability of five major models of the structure of cognitive abilities. A battery of 16 tests was administered to 1000 Swedish sixth graders. Based on the results, a three-level hierarchical LISREL-based model (the HILI-model) is suggested. (Author/EGS)

The generality of ability factor structure in adulthood and old age was investigated. Data were analyzed for 198 young individuals (15-32 years), 156 younger old individuals (53-68 years), and 156 older old individuals (69-91). Variables were nine tests marking three ability factors. (Author/CTM)

Eight-seven adult outpatients in Edinburgh (Scotland) were tested with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Revised (WAIS-R) and a test of visual inspection time (IT). Factor analysis confirms that IT correlates more strongly with performance than with verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Implications for the study of IT and mental tests…

To explore the relationship between spatial ability and both image quality and image process efficiency, 79 subjects completed spatial tests, imagery questionnaires, and laboratory tasks. Laboratory measures of process efficiency and image quality were strongly related to spatial test performance and weakly related to one another. (Author/BW)