Following a brief history of education over the last forty years, this article provides a discussion of the meaning, impact, and relevance of the recent educational reform movement in the United States. (JDH)

This article describes the static or declining economic conditions of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden and relates these conditions to restrictions on education, the relationship between education and employment, control of education by governing authorities, and the employment conditions of teachers. (JDH)

This article explores the realities of community financing of state and private schools in Zimbabwe. It reviews the implications of historical influences and lists present efforts to redress past injustices. (JDH)

Assesses the evidence for revisionist views of teenage childbearing. These theories suggest that the perception of teenage pregnancy as a growing social problem has been caused by the political agendas of certain interest groups; the consequences of early childbearing have been exaggerated; and pregnancy among disadvantaged teenagers may be an…

Summarized in this document are findings from several recent surveys of Hispanic Americans. Each of the surveys had a different purpose and their samples were extremely varied. None had a sample design which would allow results to be generalized to reflect the attitudes or characteristics of the overall U.S. Hispanic population. Each, however,…

Examines how social conditions can become social problems and argues that there are objective ways of determining the scale of a particular problem. The paper supports its argument through examinations of prohibition, the decline in tobacco consumption, and the war on drugs. (GLR)

In this article I use the Israeli-Palestinian conflict as the contextual foundation from which to discuss issues concerning the unfortunate perpetuation of historical trauma through escalations in fear, miscommunication, resentment, and anger. I examine the concept of forgiveness in similar vein regarding its ability to redirect memory toward…

Maintains that advertising can help people become more aware of social responsibilities. Describes a successful nationwide newspaper advertising competition for college students in which ads address social issues such as literacy, drugs, teen suicide, and teen pregnancy. Notes how the ads have helped grassroots programs throughout the United…

Highlights psychologists' roles and contributions to policy development in the areas of employment, deinstitutionalization, family violence, science and technology, and education. Focuses on psychologists' participation in creating policies that respond to the realities of women's changing social roles. (KH)

Nuclear winter, a term used to describe potential long-term climate and environmental effects of nuclear war, has been a subject of debate and controversy. This report examines and presents scientific and policy implications of nuclear winter. Contents include: (1) an executive summary (highlighting previous and current studies on the topic); (2)…

City Lights Books of San Francisco has served as a literary meeting place, as a bookstore that concentrates on serious literature--especially poetry, as a publisher of significant voices such as those of Allen Ginsberg and Charles Bukowski, and as an institution with a political conscience. (JMD)

Discusses what is to come in research on literacy in secondary schools. Connects interest in secondary school literacy to the content area reading movement and points to cognitive psychology as the primary conceptual basis for recent work. Explains why it is important to consider an even more shifting definition that locates the social and…

Seen as a vehicle for transforming the pre-tertiary education and training system of South Africa, the new Curriculum Framework of 1997 looks to empower people for participation in a democratic society. This paper contends that, although the Curriculum Framework policy document articulates the need for a partnership between parents, teachers, the…

Discusses how declines in enrollments, budgets, public confidence in schooling, and the legitimacy of administrative authority have politicized the educational environment. Discusses distinctive features of politics and management of decline, how decline has prompted a policy reassessment, and competing explanations for failures and problems with…

Analyzes educational policy and intergroup relations regarding the three major aspects and modes of pluralism in Israel: (1) Oriental-Sephardi and Western-Ashkenazi Jews (assimilation); (2) religious and nonreligious Jews (multiculturalism); and (3) Israeli-Arabs and Jews (separatism). Finds that little progress has been made in solving problems…