21st century school leadership is not for the faint of heart and as with any organization a school is only as successful as their leadership. The acknowledgment that a "different" reality exists for school principals is of utmost importance when identifying the conditions, situations, and roles that one will engage in. In this article Dr. East…

In this reaction to Diemer and Ali's article, "Integrating Social Class Into Vocational Psychology: Theory and Practice Implications," the authors point out concerns with binary schema of social class, highlight the contribution of social class to the social cognitive career theory, argue for a more nuanced look at ways that work…

A decision made under risky conditions can be sounder than one made when the decision maker is circumspect and prudent. It is important to understand one's risk-taking patterns, one's perceptions rooted in personal and professional history, and the degree to which cultural injunctions encourage or deter prudent risk taking. (Author/JOW)

Because of today's increasingly complex business environment, decision makers in business need to use a process that takes into account and balances various forces--economic goals, personal values, and explicit values of the corporation. A process model provides a systematic method for ethical decision making. (Author/JOW)

People will be productively employed in more democratic organizations to the extent they can keep learning, overcome the anxiety inherent in change, continuously deepen their knowledge, and develop a battery of flexible skills for collaboration over diverse and widening systems. (Author)

Discusses empowerment--the idea of pushing decision-making authority down the management hierarchy to the workers. Looks at myths surrounding the concept and suggests steps that bring people closer to full empowerment by gradually introducing them to new tasks. (JOW)

Utility analysis offers human resource management a powerful framework for decision making. Previous research has indicated that this framework can provide dollar-valued estimates of the consequences of human resource decisions. Moreover, this framework provides a general model of decision costs and benefits that can help organize and integrate…

Discusses the problem of incompetent library supervisors in terms of the process that results in the selection of such supervisors, inappropriate supervisory behaviors, and the effects on employees. Several strategies for coping with an incompetent supervisor are suggested. (4 references) (CLB)

Centralized collective bargaining has increased teachers' salaries and provided better working conditions and benefits in Quebec. But it has also spawned a number of troublesome consequences that promote conflict. (Author)

The eighth annual report presents the results of a comprehensive survey of training and development in organizations in the United States with more than 100 employees. Along with breakdowns of dollars spent on employer-sponsored training and types of training, this year's report features an analysis of remedial education in the workplace. (JOW)

Examines the implications for educators of the "Motivation-Hygiene Theory" proposed by Frederick Herzberg. Suggests increasing staff opportunities for goal setting, decision making, and expanded professional competence as strategies for developing staff motivation. (Author/MLF)

Numerous studies indicate that an individual's perception of internal or external control over life events ("perceived locus of control") is a personality variable that influences the perception of a situation as threatening or stress-inducing. Whether for reasons of personality or because of "situational powerlessness," the…

Examines the construction of art knowledge and criticizes curriculum reform proposals that ignore constraints of the work place. Suggests that reform efforts should be defined locally and that teachers should be afforded the opportunity to develop their decision making abilities as a means of helping this local control. (KO)

Demonstrates the need for teaching strategies that incorporate the concepts of power and freedom into existing courses. Identifies classroom environments that enable students to make choices as beneficial and describes some strategies for promoting a more democratic classroom. (AEM)

This extensive discussion provides an examination of issues concerning dual-career families in the United States. Section I explores changes in the paid labor force and factors contributing to such changes. Section II discusses sex stratification in the family and briefly points out changes needed to strengthen the interface between work and…