Background/purpose: In the modernized society with advanced technology, as education becomes increasingly dependent on information technology, there is a need to prepare the next generation of students with a wide variety of skills and abilities necessary for future scientific careers. Modern educational challenges include the task of engaging…

Gamification has been studied in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching as an intriguing approach, and its impact on language skills and motivational states of learners has been an area of interest; however, further experimental and qualitative accounts on the matter are still required. Additionally, the construct of 'self' as…