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Jan Kalenda; Ellen Boeren – International Journal of Lifelong Education, 2025
International organisations have measured adult learning participation since the 1990s, using surveys like the Adult Education Survey (AES) and the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). These surveys employ a 'triadic' classification of learning activities -- formal (FAE), non-formal (NFE) and informal learning…
Descriptors: Classification, Adult Education, Adult Students, Participation
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Andrew J. Collins; Christopher Lynch; Jim Leathrum; Gayane Grigoryan; T. Stephen Cotter; Ross Gore; Brandon Butler – Adult Learning, 2025
Higher education programs are rapidly transitioning online in support of a broader geographic base, working professionals, and, recently, emergency contingencies such as COVID-19. The flexibility of online courses makes them attractive to adult learners; as such, there is much academic discussion about online learning for adult learners and the…
Descriptors: Minicourses, Online Courses, Adult Students, Professional Education