While established educational pathways exist in many nations, the Philippines offers a unique opportunity to investigate the development of entirely new ones. Prior to the 2010s, compulsory education only extended through grade 10, with all students on a general track. The implementation of the 2013 Enhanced Basic Education Act significantly…

This critical qualitative inquiry sought to examine and understand how academic authors as curriculum implementors and media producers incorporated Indigenous knowledge and Indigenous media in the design and development of textbook tasks for media and information literacy instructional materials. This is based on the fundamental assumption that a…