Based on the premise that instruction should be designed from the outset to reduce barriers, Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines provide a set of flexible options and scaffolds to ensure access for all learners. Using the UDL framework, teachers and researchers can systematically adapt effective practices that have been established by…

Maximizing the effectiveness of evidence-based practices (EBPs) requires an optimal balance of implementation fidelity and adaptation so EBPs fit local contexts and meet the individual learning needs of students with disabilities. The framework for classifying adaptations presented in this article can help educators make decisions about whether…

The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for conceptualizing and assessing fidelity of implementation (FOI) in the context of a cluster-randomized design study. A research-validated mathematics curriculum for preschool children called Numbers Plus is used as an example to describe the role of curriculum implementation fidelity in the…