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Scaling: An Items Module
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Tong, Ye; Kolen, Michael J. – Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice, 2010
"Scaling" is the process of constructing a score scale that associates numbers or other ordered indicators with the performance of examinees. Scaling typically is conducted to aid users in interpreting test results. This module describes different types of raw scores and scale scores, illustrates how to incorporate various sources of…
Descriptors: Test Results, Scaling, Measures (Individuals), Raw Scores
The Reliability and Validity of Writing Assessment: An Investigation of Rater, Prompt within Mode, and Prompt between Mode Sources of Error.
Cantor, Nancy K.; Hoover, H. D. – 1986
This paper isolates and examines separately three distinct sources of error in essay scores: lack of agreement between raters; inconsistencies in performance within mode of discourse, and inconsistencies in performance between modes of discourse. Essay prompts in the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) Writing Supplement were designed to assess…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Cues, Elementary Secondary Education, Error of Measurement
Anchor Test Study Supplement. Final Report. Volume 33, Error of Equating, Correlations, Conditional Error of Equating, Procedure Comparison Graphs, Individual Norms and School Mean Norms, Norms Comparisons, Grades 4, 5, and 6.
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Bianchini, John C.; Loret, Peter G. – 1974
The Anchor Test Study provides a method for translating a pupil's score on any one of eight widely used standardized reading tests for Grades 4, 5, and 6 to a corresponding score on any of the other seven tests, as well as furnishing new nationally representative norms for each of the eight tests. In addition, the study presents new estimates of…
Descriptors: Correlation, Elementary School Students, Equated Scores, Grade 4